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| 1916 |
| | | Ras Tafari, a member of the Ethiopian imperial family, deposes his distant relation the emperor and puts on the throne his aunt, Zauditu | |
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| 1930 |
| | | The regent Ras Tafari becomes emperor of Ethiopia and takes the name Haile Selassie | |
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| c. 1930 |
| | | The Rastafarian cult evolves in Jamaica, viewing Ras Tafari, the emperor of Ethiopia, as the black Messiah | |
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| 1935 |
| | | Mussolini uses a disagreement over grazing rights as a pretext for an empire-building invasion of Ethiopia | |
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| 1936 |
| | | The Italian forces invading Ethiopia reach Addis Ababa, and Haile Selassie flees into exile | |
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| 1941 April 6 |
| | | The Allies recover Ethiopia from the Italians and Haile Selassie returns to his throne in Addis Ababa | |
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| 1952 |
| | | A decision by the United Nations makes Eritrea an autonomous federal province within Ethiopia | |
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| 1962 |
| | | The Eritrean parliament votes to merge fully with Ethiopia, ending Eritrean autonomy | |
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| 1963 |
| | | The OAU (Organization of African Unity) is founded in Addis Ababa to give Africa a united voice in world affairs | |
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| 1974 |
| | | Donald Johanson and Tom Gray find an almost complete Australopithecus female skeleton at Hadar in Ethiopia, and nickname her Lucy after the Beatles song Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds | |
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